Medial-lateral GRFs primarily depend on the relationship between foot location and what?

Medial-lateral GRFs primarily depend on the relationship between foot location and what?

• A. Knee flexion angle
• B. Body's center of mass
• C. Arm swing
• D. Shoulder rotation

Answer: (B)

Medial-lateral ground reaction forces come from how the body is balanced in the frontal plane. The main determinant is where the center of mass sits relative to the foot that’s on the ground. Foot location acts like a base of support, and when the center of mass shifts toward or away from that base, a mediolateral force from the ground is needed to create the opposite moment and keep you upright. In short, the relationship between the center of mass and the position of the foot primarily shapes the lateral ground reaction forces. Knee flexion angle mostly affects forces in the sagittal plane (forward and backward), while arm swing and shoulder rotation influence upper-body momentum rather than the main control of the mediolateral component of the ground reaction force.

Medial-lateral ground reaction forces come from how the body is balanced in the frontal plane. The main determinant is where the center of mass sits relative to the foot that’s on the ground. Foot location acts like a base of support, and when the center of mass shifts toward or away from that base, a mediolateral force from the ground is needed to create the opposite moment and keep you upright. In short, the relationship between the center of mass and the position of the foot primarily shapes the lateral ground reaction forces.

Knee flexion angle mostly affects forces in the sagittal plane (forward and backward), while arm swing and shoulder rotation influence upper-body momentum rather than the main control of the mediolateral component of the ground reaction force.