Which combination defines pronation?

Which combination defines pronation?

• A. Inversion, plantarflexion, adduction
• B. Inversion, dorsiflexion, abduction
• C. Eversion, dorsiflexion, abduction
• D. Eversion, plantarflexion, adduction

Answer: (C)

Pronation of the foot is characterized by eversion of the heel, along with dorsiflexion of the ankle and abduction of the forefoot (the sole turning outward, the foot moving toward a higher/toes-up position, and the front of the foot moving away from the midline). This is the opposite of supination, which is inversion, plantarflexion, and adduction. The combination that includes eversion, dorsiflexion, and abduction aligns exactly with pronation. The other options mix in inversion, plantarflexion, or adduction, which describe supination or other movements rather than pronation.

Pronation of the foot is characterized by eversion of the heel, along with dorsiflexion of the ankle and abduction of the forefoot (the sole turning outward, the foot moving toward a higher/toes-up position, and the front of the foot moving away from the midline). This is the opposite of supination, which is inversion, plantarflexion, and adduction.

The combination that includes eversion, dorsiflexion, and abduction aligns exactly with pronation. The other options mix in inversion, plantarflexion, or adduction, which describe supination or other movements rather than pronation.